Archivio->Installare Open Ldap 2.4

Installare Open Ldap 2.4

Questo piccolo tutorial spiega come installare e configurare Open Ldap 2.4 nel sistema operativo FREE BSD 8.0 e successive versioni.

1) Spostatevi sulla directory del port di Open Ldap 2.4, ed avviate la configurazione dell'installazione:

# cd /usr/ports/net/openldap24-server

# make config

Selezionate le opzioni che vi possono servire quindi avviate l'installazione:



# make install

# make clean

2) Copiare il database di esempio nella directory predefinita (vedi configurazione slapd.conf)
# cp /usr/local/etc/openldap/DB_CONFIG.example /var/db/openldap-data/DB_CONFIG

3) Per far ripartire il servizio lanciate il comando
# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/slapd start
Dovreste vedere la porta 389 in ascolto con il comando
# netstat -na|grep 389
e visualizzare un qualcosa di simile

4) Per far partire Open Ldap all'avvio del computer, occorre aggiungere un parametro al file /etc/rc.conf:


slapd_enable="YES"

Configurazione del server LDAP

Appena installato la configurazione di default del server LDAP si trova nel file /usr/local/etc/openldap/slapd.conf:

#
# See slapd.conf(5) for details on configuration options.
# This file should NOT be world readable.
#
include         /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema

# Define global ACLs to disable default read access.

# Do not enable referrals until AFTER you have a working directory
# service AND an understanding of referrals.
#referral       ldap://root.openldap.org

pidfile         /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid
argsfile        /var/run/openldap/slapd.args

# Load dynamic backend modules:
modulepath      /usr/local/libexec/openldap
moduleload      back_bdb
# moduleload    back_hdb
# moduleload    back_ldap

# Sample security restrictions
#       Require integrity protection (prevent hijacking)
#       Require 112-bit (3DES or better) encryption for updates
#       Require 63-bit encryption for simple bind
# security ssf=1 update_ssf=112 simple_bind=64

# Sample access control policy:
#       Root DSE: allow anyone to read it
#       Subschema (sub)entry DSE: allow anyone to read it
#       Other DSEs:
#               Allow self write access
#               Allow authenticated users read access
#               Allow anonymous users to authenticate
#       Directives needed to implement policy:
# access to dn.base="" by * read
# access to dn.base="cn=Subschema" by * read
# access to *
#       by self write
#       by users read
#       by anonymous auth
#
# if no access controls are present, the default policy
# allows anyone and everyone to read anything but restricts
# updates to rootdn.  (e.g., "access to * by * read")
#
# rootdn can always read and write EVERYTHING!

#######################################################################
# BDB database definitions
#######################################################################

database        bdb
suffix          "dc=my-domain,dc=com"
rootdn          "cn=Manager,dc=my-domain,dc=com"
# Cleartext passwords, especially for the rootdn, should
# be avoid.  See slappasswd(8) and slapd.conf(5) for details.
# Use of strong authentication encouraged.
rootpw          secret
# The database directory MUST exist prior to running slapd AND
# should only be accessible by the slapd and slap tools.
# Mode 700 recommended.
directory       /var/db/openldap-data
# Indices to maintain
index   objectClass     eq

Loggin di slapd
Il file log utilizzato da slapd è /var/log/debug.log. Per cambiarlo modificare il file di configurazione di syslogd.
Aggiungere la seguente riga al file /etc/syslog.conf.
local4.* /var/log/slapd.log
Quindi creare il file /var/log/slapd.log e modificare opportunamente il proprietario.



# touch /var/log/slapd.log

# chown ldap:ldap /var/log/slapd.log

Al file di configurazione slapd.conf è possibile definire il livello di log (-1 corrisponde il massimo livello)


loglevel -1

Infine riavviare i servizi syslogd e slapd.



# /etc/rc.d/syslogd restar

# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/slapd restart

Configurazione minima
Una configurazione minima del file slapd.conf consiste nell'impostare la password, il suffisso e i criteri di accesso. Si noti che l'inserimento del loggin è stato appositamente aggiunto nel passo precedente per controllare meglio le configurazioni successive.

Per indicare il tipo di password da inserire, settare il parametro password-hash
password-hash {md5}
Per impostare la password, occorre prima criptarla, utilizzare quindi il seguente comando
# slappasswd -h {MD5}
La stringa calcolata può essere utilizzata per settare il parametro rootpw. Di seguito un esempio
rootpw {MD5}X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ==

Per impostare il suffisso, sostituire il testo 'dc=my-domain,dc=com', ad esempio con il suffisso 'dc=test,dc=it'



suffix          "dc=test,dc=it"

rootdn          "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=it"

Infine aggiungere i criteri di accesso:



access to dn.exact="dc=test,dc=it"  by * read

access to attrs=userPassword

    by self write

    by anonymous auth


access to * by self write

    by users read

    by anonymous auth

Infine riavviare il servizio slapd.


# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/slapd restart

Riepilogo di slapd.conf:

#
# See slapd.conf(5) for details on configuration options.
# This file should NOT be world readable.
#
include         /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema

# Define global ACLs to disable default read access.

# Do not enable referrals until AFTER you have a working directory
# service AND an understanding of referrals.
#referral       ldap://root.openldap.org

password-hash {md5}
pidfile         /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid
argsfile        /var/run/openldap/slapd.args

# Load dynamic backend modules:
modulepath      /usr/local/libexec/openldap
moduleload      back_bdb
# moduleload    back_hdb
# moduleload    back_ldap

# Sample access control policy:
#       Root DSE: allow anyone to read it
#       Subschema (sub)entry DSE: allow anyone to read it
#       Other DSEs:
#               Allow self write access
#               Allow authenticated users read access
#               Allow anonymous users to authenticate
#
# See slapd.conf(5) for details on configuration options.
# This file should NOT be world readable.
#
include         /usr/local/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema

# Define global ACLs to disable default read access.

# Do not enable referrals until AFTER you have a working directory
# service AND an understanding of referrals.
#referral       ldap://root.openldap.org

password-hash {md5}
pidfile         /var/run/openldap/slapd.pid
argsfile        /var/run/openldap/slapd.args

# Load dynamic backend modules:
modulepath      /usr/local/libexec/openldap
moduleload      back_bdb
# moduleload    back_hdb
# moduleload    back_ldap

access to dn.exact="dc=test,dc=it"  by * read
access to attrs=userPassword
                by self write
                by anonymous auth

access to * by self write
            by users read
            by anonymous auth
#
# if no access controls are present, the default policy
# allows anyone and everyone to read anything but restricts
# updates to rootdn.  (e.g., "access to * by * read")
#
# rootdn can always read and write EVERYTHING!

#######################################################################
# BDB database definitions
#######################################################################

loglevel        -1
database        bdb
suffix          "dc=test,dc=it"
rootdn          "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=it"
# Cleartext passwords, especially for the rootdn, should
# be avoid.  See slappasswd(8) and slapd.conf(5) for details.
# Use of strong authentication encouraged.
rootpw          {MD5}X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ==
# The database directory MUST exist prior to running slapd AND
# should only be accessible by the slapd and slap tools.
# Mode 700 recommended.
directory       /var/db/openldap-data
# Indices to maintain
index   objectClass     eq

Proviamo adesso ad inserire dei nodi. Il primo nodo è ovviamente il nodo suffisso "dc=test,dc=it", quindi sotto di esso aggiungiamo il nodo "ou=Persone,dc=test,dc=it". Allo scopo create il seguente file gruppo.ldif

Ora aggiungiamo i nodi con il comando
# ldapadd -H ldap://test.test.it -W -D "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=it" -f gruppo.ldif
Dopo che avete inserito la password dovrebbe comparire l'elenco delle operazioni eseguite



adding new entry "dc=test,dc=it"

adding new entry "ou=Persone,dc=test,dc=it"

Per visualizzare tutto il contenuto dell'albero eseguire il comando:
# ldapsearch -W -D "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=it" -b "dc=test,dc=it" -s sub "(objectclass=*)"

Infine proviamo ad aggiungere le persone. Creiamo il file persone.ldif

Ora aggiungiamo le persone con il comando
# ldapadd -H ldap://test.test.it -W -D "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=it" -f persone.ldif

Possiamo anche provare ad eliminare un nodo

# ldapdelete -v -H ldap://test.test.it -W  -D "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=it" \

"cn=Mario Rossi,ou=Persone,dc=test,dc=it"